Ch 16 study guide When do the first limb buds form? Which limbs form first? About how many days later do the other two limbs form? What are the two main sources of limb bud tissues? What is the apical ectodermal ridge (AER)? What does it do to the limb mesenchyme? How are the digital rays formed? Where do the limb muscles come from? Do the nerves grow into their area before or after the muscles have formed? What is the primary source of the limb blood vessels? Which direction do the lower limb buds rotate? Upper limb buds? What is the inheritance pattern of most limb birth defects?