Thorax 1 study guide
Tuesday, February 28, 2017
9:12 AM
 
What is the thoracic inlet? Outlet? What divides the thoracic and abdomino-pelvic cavities?
 
 
 
What are the 4 components of the developing respiratory diaphragm? At what thoracic level does the inf vena cava come through? Esophagus and vagal branches? Aorta and thoracic duct?
 
 
 
What nerve supplies the respiratory diaphragm? What are its roots? Where do its motor branches lead? Sensory branches?
 
 
 
What is a CDH? Which side is it usually on?
 
 
 
What structure is primarily responsible for protection of the thoracic contents?
 
 
 
Which lung has three lobes? Which has two lobes? What are the fissures called? What spinous process does the right oblique fissure start at? What is it's level when at the axillary line? What is its level antero-medially?
 
 
 
Where is the sternal angle? What type of cartilage attahes the ribs to the sternum? Is the normal shape of the sternum convex or concave? At what thoracic level is the superior part of the manubrium? Inferior part of the xiphoid? Sternal angle?
 
 
 
What ribs are true? False? Floating?
 
 
 
Where do ribs articulate with thoracic vertebrae?
 
 
 
What neurovasculature runs in the costal margin of a rib? What is flail chest? What type of breathing pattern does it result in?
 
 
 
Order the soft tissues of the thoracic wall from distal to proximal. Where is this wall more translucent? What innervates the intercostals?
 
 
 
Where is the transverse thoracis? How many rib levels does it span?
 
 
 
What are the contents of each intercostal space?
 
 
 
Diagram the following important arteries: aorta, posterior intercostal, internal thoracic, anterior intercostal, pericardiacophrenic, brachiocephalic trunk, right common carotid, right subclavian, left subclavian, left common carotid, epigastric, musculophrenic.
 
 
 
What is coarctation of the aorta? What signs and symptoms will you notice?
 
 
 
Diagram the following important nerves: dorsal root, dorsal root ganglion, ventral root, dorsal ramus, ventral ramus, sympathetic trunk (what levels), white rami communicans, gray rami communicans, greater splanchnic (what levels?), lesser splanchnic (what levels?), least splanchnic (what levels?), intercostal nerve (also known as what?), lateral pectoral cutaneous, anterior pectoral cutaneous.
 
 
 
What dermatome level is the nipple? Umbilicus? Inguinal line? What disease is the herpes zoster virus responsible for?
 
 
 
What is the primary muscle of respiration? Accessory muscles? Is expiration usually passive or active? What muscles aid forced expiration?
 
 
 
What three cavities are located in the pleural/thoracic cavity? Where is the pulmonary ligament? Where will you find serous fluid? Is the lung inside or surrounded by the pleural cavity? What are surface projection landmarks of the lungs and pleura (midclavicular, midaxillary, scapular lines)? Why are these landmarks different?
 
 
 
Which layer of pleura has somatic innervation (primarily sensory)? Which is GVA? What are the four regional names of the parietal pleura? What are the three major pleural recesses?
 
 
 
Which main bronchus is more vertical and wider? Where is the carina?
 
 
 
What is the structure of the hilum of the lung?
 
 
 
How many bronchopulmonary segments does each lung have?
 
 
 
What is a tension pneumothorax? Thoracocentesis? Where would you perform a thoracocentesis for a pneumothorax? Hemo- or hydrothorax?